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 Post subject: 如何面對禽流感
PostPosted: Thu Oct 27, 2005 10:40 pm 
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Location: 中國大陸/加拿大
對於可能要發生的禽流感﹐還未找到很好的中文資料。現將一份很全面的英文資料提供給大家。請用鼠標右鍵點擊下列鍊接﹐然後將此PDF文件存在您自己的電腦上﹕

http://theologospublications.com/avian_ ... ct2005.pdf

由於字體較小﹐請在下載後打印閱讀。

作者資料如下﹕

Grattan Woodson, MD, FACP
Medical Director,
The Druid Oaks Health Center
Decatur, GA USA
www.DruidOHC.com

原文目錄﹕

Introduction .................................................................................... 3
Information about the Coming Avian Influenza Pandemic..................... 5
Epidemics and Influenza Pandemics ................................................... 6
WHO Pandemic Phases May 2005........................................................ 7
What Makes the H5N1 Avian Flu so Fearsom....................................... 8
A Comparison of Estimates for Influenza Pandemic Mortality and Morbidity...10
US DHHS Mortality and Morbidity Estimates for the US and Worldwide for the Next Pandemic*...10
Osterholm’s Pandemic Case Fatality Rate Prediction for the US.............11
Osterholm’s Pandemic Case Fatality Rate Prediction Worldwide............11
Issues Affecting Medical Treatment of Avian Influenza ........................11
Vaccination .....................................................................................11
Antiviral Drugs..................................................................................13
A Major Pandemic will Likely Disrupt Essential Public Services and Supplie...13
Practical Pre-Pandemic Preparations for Individuals ............................14
Get Your Will in Order ......................................................................14
Life Insurance.................................................................................14
Get a Flu Shot and a Pneumovax Vaccin.............................................14
Food Security..................................................................................14
Electricity Service...........................................................................15
Water Service..................................................................................15
Communications Services ...............................................................15
Find a Rural Refuge..........................................................................16
Hospital and Healthcare Services......................................................16
The Flu Survival Kit...........................................................................16
Simple Medical Skills Required..........................................................16
OTC products to have on hand for home treatment of one person with severe influenza...17
Prescription products for home treatment of one person with severe influenza .....17
Symptoms of Influenza .....................................................................17
Patient prognosis during pandemic influenza ......................................18
Using scarce resources wisely ...........................................................19
Supportive Treatment of Influenza......................................................19
Home Flu Treatment Advice for the Laymen ........................................19
The ORS Formula ............................................................................20
Preventing the virus from spreading within the household.....................21
Keep a record on every patient .........................................................21
Diet Recommendations .....................................................................21
Example Home Patient Medical Record................................................23
Advanced Home Treatment Considerations for Health Professionals.......24
How to Find Out More about the Avian Flu and Influenza Pandemics......25
Citizen Advocacy.............................................................................26
A Doctor’s Letter to a Friend During the Height of the 1918 Pandemic.....30

.

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 Post subject: 不可不知 -- 預防禽流感10點常識問答
PostPosted: Mon Oct 31, 2005 10:58 am 
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Joined: Fri Aug 15, 2003 1:58 pm
Posts: 36
Location: 中國大陸/加拿大
以下是轉帖﹕

1﹑這是什麼病?何謂禽流感?

禽流感又稱鳥流感,是禽(鳥)類傳播的流感病毒,其中幾種病毒也會傳染給人類,和一般人類流感病毒的類型不同。

禽流感病毒一般有兩種型式,包括高病原性(highly pathogenic AI)如H5N1,另外一種形式是低病原性(low-pathogenic AI),如H5N2。高原性禽流感的傳染性很強並會致死,該病毒的分離株也同樣具有高致病性,家禽在感染H5N1病毒後即使倖存下來也具有傳染性。

2﹑人類感染禽流感有什麼症狀?

初期病徵與典型感冒症狀相似,包括發燒、頭痛、咳嗽、喉嚨痛、肌肉痛、結膜炎、流鼻水等,甚至有腹瀉症狀發生;後期可能發展為高燒、肺炎、呼吸衰竭、多重器官衰竭及死亡。

3﹑傳播途徑--人類如何感染禽流感?

流感病毒的自然宿主是候鳥、水鳥,不同病毒可在候鳥群傳播。其中某些型亦可在家禽、人及其他動物間傳播繁殖,病毒在不斷傳播的過程中,選殖出毒性超強的病毒株,H5N1就是相當高毒性的禽流感病毒。禽流感病毒感染到人,再經由人與人間密切的接觸,就有機會演變成具有人傳人能力的病毒。

4﹑哪些人較易受感染?

與家禽有近距離接觸的人比較容易受到感染,其中的老人、兒童,或長期病患者,較容易出現併發症。

5﹑禽流感是引發人類流感大流行的唯一媒介嗎?

不是。有新流感病毒出現,就可能爆發大流行,新型流感大流行需有三個條件,需出現一株病毒夠強的病毒、該病毒可在人類身上存續、可造成人傳人等。20世紀有三次,分別在1918年、1957年和1968年。1918就是由禽流感引發,至少四千萬人死亡。

6﹑如何避免禽流感?

a. 避免接觸禽鳥及其分泌物,若不慎接觸,應馬上以肥皂徹底清洗。
b. 避免生食禽類及其製品,包括蛋類及鴨血等。
c. 非必要,避免到生禽宰殺及養禽場等地方。
d. 禽畜工作者作業時應穿戴防護措施,工作後,應做好清潔消毒工作。
e. 盡量避免前往禽流感流行區。

7﹑如出現咳嗽發燒等類似症狀,應怎樣處理?

應戴上口罩,盡早到醫院求診。

8﹑禽流感有沒有藥醫?

有的。抗流感病毒藥劑目前有兩類,一類係屬M2蛋白抑制劑,如Amatadine,但已知目前的H5N1病毒具有較多副作用;另一類為神經胺酸抑制劑,如Oseltamivir(Tamiflu)、Relenza,它對A、B型流感均具良好治療效果,但須於病發後48小時內服用,使用後可縮短病程,減輕嚴重度,並減少併發症的發生,此類抗病毒藥劑對禽流感病毒亦有療效。

9﹑如何注射抗禽流感藥劑?

抗病毒藥劑屬於處方用藥,需經醫師指示才能使用,以防產生抗藥性。

10﹑流感疫苗可以預防禽流感嗎?

目前沒有任何有效抵抗H5N1病毒的疫苗。流感疫苗不能預防禽流感,但有助減低因感染流感而引致併發症及住院的可能性。


Last edited by TLP_BIG5 on Thu Nov 03, 2005 12:20 am, edited 1 time in total.

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 Post subject:
PostPosted: Mon Oct 31, 2005 11:06 am 
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Joined: Fri Aug 15, 2003 1:58 pm
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Location: 中國大陸/加拿大
這是用Power Point製作的有關禽流感的資料(繁體中文)﹐請用右鍵點擊下載﹕

http://agape-love.org/avian_flu.ppt

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